Category Archives: Friday Five

Friday Five – Medical Spanish terms you’d never guess

I’ve been interviewing for a medical interpreter position at a hospital, and so far so good. Vamos a ver. I got some good medical interpreting experience under my belt a few years back when I worked at a clinic for refugees and immigrants, but I was worried that I might be a little rusty. Not to fear–reviewing medical terms this past week was a huge confidence boost for my Spanish as it was very difficult for me to find words I didn’t know/couldn’t translate. Of course, you never know the full extent of what you don’t know, but I’ve nonetheless been giving my Spanish little high fives all week. It’s pretty astounding to think of the sheer amount of words I picked up passively just living in Colombia. I wasn’t even that social! I was a word hound, though, no doubt about it, and that’s why my vocabulary is so broad. I guess I’ll aim for more depth over breadth in this next stretch of the fluency race.

One factor that really helps with medical terminology in Spanish is that there is such an incredible number of cognates. You should never simply guess, of course, but if you were pinned against a wall and absolutely forced to give your best stab at the translation for “cardiomyopathy,” might you venture cardiomiopatía? See what I mean? What about “hemorrhoids”? Hemorroides? Very nice. All right, “pyloric stenosis.” Estenosis pilórica? OK, hold it right there, you little whippersnapper. This is my blog, and I don’t appreciate your cutesy antics cutting into my face time.

There are, sin exagerar, zillions of perfect cognates, but there’s also a fair amount that don’t sound or look anything like their English counterpart. I knew most of them, but there were a few from left field that I never would have come up with even if I’d stood there guessing for a year. And had a patient said any of these words to me, I would have stood there helpless, not understanding ni jota, ni forro, ni papa, (and with a tip of the hat to yesterday’s theme) ni mu. And then they would have been up a creek as well. Would you have a clue?

1.  Know how to say jaundice? Neither did I. It’s ictericia

2. What about ENT? Otorrinolaringólogo. Also shortened to otorrino, gracias a Dios.

3. Could you explain a spleen in Spanish? It’s el bazo. 

4. What exactly is la boca del estómago? Our stomachs have mouths? Not quite. Colloquially, that would be the pit of the stomach; in medical contexts, more like the top of your stomach where it connects to the esophagus.

5. Colloquial options for heartburn (acidez)? Agriera, agruras, and vinagrera.

How’d you do? Have you ever done any interpreting? Have you had any lucky guesses on words you weren’t sure about? How about horrible flops? Hopefully it wasn’t a life or death situation!

_________________________________________________ Non-natives, what’s your experience with these words? Had you heard them before? How have you heard them used? Where? If you’re a native Spanish speaker, anything to correct, clarify, comment on or concur with? 

Friday Five – Using Twitter to learn more Spanish

Google did a bad, bad thing, and my Spanish is the worse for it. Once upon a time, you see, Google had the sweetest, most rockingest feature ever: it would let you winnow your search results to only Twitter streams. Every time I learned a new word or phrase in Spanish and wanted to see if people really use it in real life (i.e., NOT Dictionaryville, where all words live safely and happily, usefulness be damned), I’d check to see if I could find it in those results. I could also see how it was used and where. What a boon it was! I knew that if I could find it there in various examples, I was A-OK on the colloquial meter, which, as you all know, is importantísimo para mí. Just as no one’s going to break out Dickensian English in their 140-word limit, if you can’t find several examples of your word on the Twittersphere, you can probably safely assume that it’s not very useful and relegate it to the hinterlands of your consciousness. But. That all ended in July of last year, sadly. You can still look for enfardelar in images, videos, news, books, blogs, discussions, and patents, but the didactic warbling is no more. (No one’s talking about enfardelar in their patents, FWIW.)

What’s one to do? Get on Twitter, of course. I bet you’re already on it, and if you’re not, consider making an account purely for educational purposes. (That’s all I use mine for… so far.) Come on, you’re clearly not as web-adverse as you like to make yourself out to be if you’re spending all this time reading my lengthy posts. Once you’ve been Twitterfied, you’ll have full access to the search feature to look for your words. Use it!

For example, today I learned the phrase color de hormiga. A Peruvian friend of mine posted on Facebook, “Happy no more. Things are looking color de hormiga.” A nice, healthy mix of languages there, and I just knew it had to come from some colorful phrase. An ant-colored phrase, to be precise. But were we talking red ants or black ants? I simply had to know. Hopping over to the Spanish-English forum on WordReference.com and searching for color de hormiga, I learned that ponerse las cosas color de hormiga means that things suddenly take a turn for the worse, get ugly, go awry. I was also led to a Wikcionario page that explained that the phrase is used in Mexico, Peru, and Chile. Now things were getting interesting. I’ll admit, I was content to stop there (and, no, I didn’t take the trouble to research what color ants are found in those countries, as fascinating as that little online whirl would have been), but for the sake of this post, I’ll now go to Twitter to get some authentic and fully Spanish uses of the phrase. Here are five tweets from today to help us get a better feel for the phrase in real usage.

@DavidJimsa Esto se esta poniendo color de hormiga!

@NievenDesierto Esto se me esta poniendo color de hormiga… Lamentablemente a mi, solo a mi.

@PedroAlvaradoHz Ya van a ser las docéeeeee pero esto esta color de hormiga se acaba de empatar a dos Carreras en la novena entrada, Mexicali y Hermosillo

@EnClaveDSol Todo es color de rosa hasta que una hijueputa lo vuelve colorhormiga.

@cdelaha Cuando la cosa se ponía color de hormiga, Marcos Pérez Caicedo, una gloria de la radio colombiana decía: “¡A esto se lo llevó pindanga!”

I find it incredibly useful. What about you? Just from these results (and there were many more), I see:

- Common to say that something se está poniendo color de hormiga.

- Can take an indirect object (me/te/le/nos/les) to show that it affects someone.

- Can use estar instead.

- Things can become (volvercolor de hormiga, and you can leave out the de

- Another interesting word for another day– pindanga – and even a bit of culture.

As you can see, only the last guy took the time to correctly include all the tildes and even the upside-down exclamation mark. (He’s a professor–Colombian, by the way) Twitter is no place for pedantry, so you can be sure that anything you find there will be colloquial and thus highly useful, keeping in mind regional differences. Plus, you also learn lots of other fun things de paso. The fourth tweet is especially funny and not appropriate for the kiddies!

You can also have fun looking at the hashtags that people use to categorize their posts. Since everyone has New Year’s resolutions on their minds right now, let’s take a look at some of them. Resolutions = propósitos.

Searching for the hashtag #propósitos2012, here’s some of what we find.

@LuisChataing #PROPOSITOS2012 No cantar en inglés bajo la ducha hasta que aprenda a hablar inglés. (Not sing in English in the shower until I learn to speak English)

@maire_wink #Propositos2012 1- comprar una membresía en el gym y usarla nuncota 2- Emprender nuevos proyectos que abandonaré por ahí de marzo. (1- Buy a gym membership and not use it ever, ever, ever. 2- Take on new projects that I’ll abandon around March or so)

@enredadera Debo dejar ya de tuitear cosas sin sentido acompañadas de un jeje. #Propósitos2012 (I have to stop tweeting things that don’t make any sense followed by a haha)

@soypablito_digo Aja siempre me agarra la tarde #Propositos2012 ser mas Puntual ;) (I’m always late…. be more punctual)

@lulabullebulle  #Propósitos2012 Echar menos chisme por celular para no quedarme sin minutos. Existen otras maneras más baratas para chismosear. (Gossip less on my cell phone so I don’t run out of minutes. There are cheaper ways to gossip)

Hey, some of those are words we’ve talked about here on Vocabat– por ahí, me [coge] la tarde (they used “agarrar” instead, so they must be in a country where coger is offensive), puntual. Once you learn things, they really do start showing up everywhere. There’s no greater encouragement than realizing you’re not just memorizing all these boring words in vain–they will genuinely aid you in understanding people around you and sounding more natural yourself. So, get your nose out of the dictionary and get your butt on Twitter pronto!

As you already know, I really believe in learning Spanish from people, but you don’t have to have a tête à tête to learn from a person, of course–Twitter is a very valuable tool that you could start benefiting from today. There’s really no excuse to not be able to learn colloquial Spanish no matter how shy, out of ideas, or far from Latin America you may be. I hope this year is one of incredible Spanish progress for you! Please share your ideas on how you’re going to make it happen.

_________________________________________________ So, have you ever thought of using Twitter to learn more Spanish? Would you? What other ideas do you have for finding sources of colloquial language? If you’re a native Spanish speaker, anything to correct, clarify, comment on or concur with? 

Friday Five – Reading the news, Ron Paul

I think that one of the most important things to do to learn Spanish is to do the things you already enjoy doing in English. The things you DO… willingly. Happily. All the time. Whether they’re “intellectual” or purely guilty pleasures. If you’re a news junkie, read the headlines in Spanish. If you like comic books, get a hold of some in Spanish. If you love rap, try to find some Spanish rap you can get into. You get the picture. If you’re not a big reader, forcing yourself to read a fat tome in Spanish will be torturous and make you feel like you hate Spanish (when what you really hate is reading fat tomes). If you’re not all that into politics in the first place, making yourself read the articles on El País just to get some practice will be total dullsville. And once Spanish becomes boring, you might as well kiss any and all hopes of fluency goodbye. Just do what you already do… in Spanish. I know, I know–you’d think it’d be a no-brainer.

By the way, all those options above are things you can do on your own, perfectly safe from human interaction in the confines of your own home. You will, of course, learn a thousand times faster once you bring other people into the mix. Some people seem to really enjoy the scenery of the long route, though, and that’s okay. In any case, it’s not like you can sew a native speaker to your hip to have at your beck and call at all hours of the day. And non-speaking approaches also have their advantages, of course. Ideally, you’ll have a mix.

Me, lately I’ve been really into reading about the race for the Republican nomination… in English. I’m trying, though, to transition to reading about the candidates and all the madness en español. Since it’s a topic I’m highly interested in and I can learn some more relevant vocabulary at the same time, it works out to be a twofer for me.

Going one candidate at a time and starting with the Iowa frontrunners, here’s the first article in Google Noticias for Ron Paul. (Ronaldo Pablo, for our purposes here)

Well, I was grabbed by the headline. Antibelicista? What a beautiful word! Here are five that I learned from the article.

1. Antibelicistaantiwar

El congresista Ron Paul, aspirante a la candidatura presidencial republicana en EEUU y al que muchos consideran el “padre espiritual” del movimiento derechista Tea Party, es ante todo un ultraliberal convencido y un antibelicista.

You can see the tie from “bel” to bellicose and belligerent–hostile and militant attitudes. Antibelicista is the opposite of hawkish. I suppose a less beautiful but perhaps more common way to say the same would be en contra de la guerra. Also interesting to note that Tea Party is not translated. I know you really want to say Fiesta del Té, though.

2. Renta ≠ rent (income)

Paul, de 76 años y médico de formación, es un purista constitucional, partidario de reducir al mínimo el tamaño del Gobierno y de una política exterior no expansionista, así como de volver al patrón oro, de abolir los impuestos sobre la renta y de la libertad de mercado.

I thought, rent tax? Oops. False cognate (although renta is used a lot in Mexico for “rent”) alert! He wants to abolish the income tax. It seems to be a more formal and technical word for income, which I only knew as ingresos. Impuesto sobre la renta/ Impuesto a la renta = income tax.

3. Defender a ultranza - to fight tooth and nail for something

El Tea Party aboga por la mínima intervención estatal y por la austeridad fiscal, en sintonía con los ultraliberales que defienden a ultranza las libertades individuales y un Estado con pocas competencias que no se entrometa en la vida de los ciudadanos.

Probably a more formal version of pelear con uñas y dientes. (nails and teeth–note the reversal and plurals) Or luchar a brazo partido– thanks, Jim, for reminding me.

4. Eventual ≠ eventual (possible)

Paul es también un declarado antibelicista que votó en el Congreso en contra de la guerra de Irak, y advierte ahora de que una eventual intervención militar en Irán para frenar su programa nuclear sería todo menos beneficiosa para EEUU, en parte por el abultado déficit que arrastra el país.

Another false cognate. I first learned this the hard way via thinking that “eventually” translated as eventualmente. It doesn’t. Eventual means possible. If you read it wrong, you’d think they were saying a military intervention in Iran is something inevitable with the wheels already set in motion (which might be the case, sadly). All they were saying is that it could happen.

5. Caucus = caucus

En los “caucus” de Iowa, que abren el 3 de enero un largo proceso de primarias republicanas, Paul peleará por la victoria con el expresidente de la Cámara de Representantes Newt Gingrich y el exgobernador de Massachusetts Mitt Romney, según las encuestas más recientes.

I almost always see this word left in the original English because there’s no exact translation for it in Spanish. Fortunately, it’s usually unaltered in the plural; el caucus, los caucus. Just imagine trying to pronounce “caucuses” with a Spanish accent!

_________________________________________________ Non-natives, what’s your experience with these words? Had you heard them before? How have you heard them used? Where? If you’re a native Spanish speaker, anything to correct, clarify, comment on or concur with? 

Friday Five: Claudia’s words

It hasn’t been my best week ever for Spanish. Sure, I’ve had some phone calls and online chats in Spanish, I just got a job where I’ll be speaking mostly in Spanish, and I’m still reading El amor en los tiempos del cólera. But… new words and phrases just haven’t abounded like before. Not that you’ll find me moping or at a loss for new words–it’s just taken a little more sleuthwork this week than usual, that’s all. I rounded up this week’s Friday Five from my friend Claudia’s Facebook statuses. Where can a person express themselves most naturally if not in that little white box? So,  here are five new words for me and maybe for you as well. And, yes, I did get Claudia’s permission to use these. She’s fully behind our mission here, keeping the hungry bats fed. Thanks, Claudia!

1. Empezaron las novenas de aguinaldos!!! Alegre y nostálgica Navidad!

Technically, cheating. I learned the word on one of my last days in Colombia. But, I bet you didn’t know it. In Colombia, an aguinaldo is simply a Christmas present. In some other places, it refers to a Christmas bonus. The novena de aguinaldos starts on December 16 and commences nine days of Advent prayers among family until Christmas. Here‘s a great explanation of it.

Translation: The novena de aguinaldos started!!! Joyful and nostalgic Christmas!

2. Gracias a mi amiga por hacer esta noche diferente! Una conversación amena y agradable!

Amena/o was new for me. Meaning pleasant, enjoyable, nice, it’s especially used to describe conversations. Good to know.

Translation: Thanks to my friend for making this night different! Such a nice and pleasant conversation!

3. Esta canción sí es pura gozadera!!! Bomba!!! Qué buenos recuerdos me trae esta canción del concierto en Minneapolis…

Didn’t know gozadera, though it’s obvious that it comes from gozar. Apparently, it just means lots of enjoyment, usually at a wild party with lots of drinking and dancing, but it could also just be the collective glee and cheering when the teacher doesn’t show up for class.

Translation: This song is pure celebration!!! Awesome!!! What good memories this song brings me from the concert in Minneapolis…

4. Con esta dupla me voy tranquila a dormir!!! Ya me relajé…cero stress…. 

Dupla? A duo, partnership.

Translation: With this duo, I’m going to bed peacefully. Now I’m relaxed… zero stress…

5. Un sueño cumplido: Interpol en Colombia!!!!! También viene Booka Shade!!! Que tal esta terna? Me encanta….. A esperar el Festival Soma en Noviembre…

Well, this one does have me a little confused. So, a terna is kind of like a dupla +1. That is, a list of three. I only see two groups in that list, though. I did read somewhere that sometimes terna is used for just two, but… no me convence del todo. Will have to ask Claudia.

Translation: A dream come true: Interpol in Colombia!!!!! Booka Shade is coming too!!! How sweet is this lineup? Love it…..Now to wait for the Soma Festival in November…

So, do you use Facebook to aid you in learning more Spanish? If you don’t actually have any Spanish-speaking friends, how about Twitter? Let me know where you’ve learned Spanish this week.

_________________________________________________ Non-natives, what’s your experience with these words? Had you heard them before? How have you heard them used? Where? If you’re a native Spanish speaker, anything to correct, clarify, comment on or concur with? And can anyone explain terna?

Friday Five: Lonely Hearts Edition

You already know that I’m a little down at the moment, que ando con el corazón roto. Pero bueno. Así es la vida pues. As I often find Spanish to be so much more beautiful than English, talking about a broken heart seems more fitting in Spanish. More gentle, more sentimental. Kinder, somehow. Or maybe it’s just this heartache that has to be felt in Spanish. I don’t know. In any case, here are some words and phrases for talking about when love comes to an end, whether it’s your own or you’re consoling a friend. Deep breath– it’s going to be okay.

1. Decepción amorosa - breakup

Also desengaño amoroso and desilusión amorosa. A native speaker will have to jump in here to tell us which is used most.

2. Terminar - to break up; dump

I could say, Mi novio me terminó or Mi novio terminó conmigo. (Although neither is the case, here.) Also, mi novio me dejó. Maybe even mi novio me botó (?).* If it was mutual or you don’t care to say who dumped whom, simply, Terminamos.

3. Despecho, tusa - heartache, woe

Informal words for the grief that follows the split. Tusa is especially informal, and is less common. (It’s also the Colombian word for a corn cob.) Both convey the idea of one crying their heart out to sad music and drinking copious amounts of alcohol to get over their ex. Here‘s a good rundown of the best kinds of music to listen to when you’re despechado or entusado.

4. Un clavo saca otro clavo - a new love will help you get over your old love

One nail takes out another nail, technically. I can’t think of any similar English phrase besides The best way to get over a man is to get under one, but the Spanish phrase doesn’t have that sexual component to it.

5. Hay otros peces en el mar - there are plenty of fish in the sea

I suppose this thus applies to international waters, not just English-speaking seas.

I couldn’t recall any more, but please teach me some other typical words and phrases connected to this topic! The more you teach me, the sooner I promise to stop talking about the whole thing, taking it out on a bottle of wine and not on my readers. Thanks, guys.

*Not sure about botar. Natives? Do you say that? Now that I’m no longer in Colombia, I especially need you to correct me when I mess up. ¡Gracias!

_________________________________________________ Non-natives, what’s your experience with these words? Had you heard them before? How have you heard them used? Where? If you’re a native Spanish speaker, anything to correct, clarify, comment on or concur with?